Salsomaggiore 2025 — player statistics

Four double-dummy measures per player plus bidding activity, over every board they played, and an opponent-adjusted (strength-of-schedule) Butler. Each table lists all players and is sortable by any column. Double-dummy is idealised — the true best play needs all four hands — so read these as tendencies, not verdicts.

Butler vs double-dummy par↑ top

IMPs per board scored above (+) or below (−) the board’s minimax par — what real bidding and play (theirs and the opponents’) added or gave away against perfect double-dummy play. Players with few boards are greyed. Click a column header to sort; filter by name or team.

#PlayerTeamBoards/boardTotal
1Y.Bu🇨🇳 CHINA96+1.80+173.0
2H.Hu🇨🇳 CHINA96+1.80+173.0
3Y.Ji🇨🇳 CHINA88+1.48+130.0
4X.Wu🇨🇳 CHINA88+1.48+130.0
5M.Blicharz🇵🇱 POLAND96+1.20+115.0
6H.Ozibko🇵🇱 POLAND96+1.20+115.0
7J.Michalski🇵🇱 POLAND88+1.10+97.0
8F.Stezala🇵🇱 POLAND88+1.10+97.0
9L.Crepin🇫🇷 FRANCE96+1.00+96.0
10E.Lyoen🇫🇷 FRANCE96+1.00+96.0
11A.Hemmer🇺🇸 USA180+0.99+79.0
12Z.Meyer🇺🇸 USA180+0.99+79.0
13Y.Peng🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI111+0.94+104.0
14C.Wang🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI111+0.94+104.0
15M.Briedis🇱🇻 LATVIA136+0.92+125.0
16S.Litvak🇱🇻 LATVIA136+0.92+125.0
17W.Gu🇨🇦 CANADA112+0.77+86.0
18W.Liu🇨🇦 CANADA112+0.77+86.0
19A.Blicharz🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND96+0.72+69.0
20W.Marshall🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND96+0.72+69.0
21Y.Cai🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA96+0.71+68.0
22O.Deng🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA96+0.71+68.0
23Y.Ben Melech🇮🇱 ISRAEL88+0.67+59.0
24O.Gal Or🇮🇱 ISRAEL88+0.67+59.0
25T.Blomsteel🇳🇱 NETHERLANDS112+0.67+75.0
26Y.Hiba🇮🇱 ISRAEL112+0.62+70.0
27R.Khutorsky🇮🇱 ISRAEL112+0.62+70.0
28A.Zodypache🇮🇳 INDIA72+0.57+41.0
29A.Zodypache🇮🇳 INDIA72+0.57+41.0
30A.Chen🇺🇸 USA1104+0.49+51.0
31J.Xiao🇺🇸 USA1104+0.49+51.0
32A.Mehta🇮🇳 INDIA120+0.42+51.0
33J.Narang🇮🇳 INDIA120+0.42+51.0
34T.Bernieri🇫🇷 FRANCE88+0.38+33.0
35X.Roulle🇫🇷 FRANCE88+0.38+33.0
36G.Chan🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA88+0.36+32.0
37G.Chan🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA88+0.36+32.0
38P.Bansal🇮🇳 INDIA80+0.36+29.0
39V.Gahrotra🇮🇳 INDIA80+0.36+29.0
40Y.Liu🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI87+0.32+28.0
41P.Wu🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI87+0.32+28.0
42Y.Liu🇳🇱 NETHERLANDS112+0.27+30.0
43B.Legras🇫🇷 FRANCE88+0.26+23.0
44C.Lejosne🇫🇷 FRANCE88+0.26+23.0
45A.Bunaersa🇹🇭 THAILAND80+0.24+19.0
46C.Thongnam🇹🇭 THAILAND72+0.22+16.0
47T.Lillejord🇳🇴 NORWAY88+0.14+12.0
48B.Moe🇳🇴 NORWAY88+0.14+12.0
49S.Chen🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI72+0.11+8.0
50C.Chu🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI72+0.11+8.0
51P.Rodhuab🇹🇭 THAILAND72+0.10+7.0
52M.De Wiljes🇩🇪 GERMANY96+0.09+9.0
53A.Wlad🇩🇪 GERMANY96+0.09+9.0
54J.Lee🇺🇸 USA288+0.02+2.0
55K.Lee🇺🇸 USA288+0.02+2.0
56N.Oikonomou🇬🇷 GREECE96-0.01-1.0
57M.Vlachou🇬🇷 GREECE96-0.01-1.0
58P.Ngarm-Ek🇹🇭 THAILAND96-0.02-2.0
59J.Hedges🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND88-0.08-7.0
60S.Morris🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND88-0.08-7.0
61S.Vangdal🇳🇴 NORWAY64-0.11-7.0
62P.Aramruang🇹🇭 THAILAND112-0.16-18.0
63K.Roeangriwong🇹🇭 THAILAND112-0.16-18.0
64B.Mroz🇵🇱 POLAND88-0.18-16.0
65M.Prokopowicz🇵🇱 POLAND88-0.18-16.0
66A.Jia🇨🇦 CANADA88-0.22-19.0
67H.Xing🇨🇦 CANADA88-0.22-19.0
68T.Holm Faxoee🇩🇰 DENMARK127-0.22-28.0
69C.Zeeberg🇩🇰 DENMARK127-0.22-28.0
70D.Katsakioris🇬🇷 GREECE104-0.25-26.0
71T.Vellios🇬🇷 GREECE104-0.25-26.0
72B.Bethere🇱🇻 LATVIA136-0.34-46.0
73L.Straume🇱🇻 LATVIA136-0.34-46.0
74E.Wang🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA88-0.38-33.0
75Z.Yao🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA88-0.38-33.0
76K.Chen🇺🇸 USA188-0.39-34.0
77A.Shih🇺🇸 USA188-0.39-34.0
78S.Draege🇳🇴 NORWAY72-0.43-31.0
79Z.Zhao🇨🇳 CHINA88-0.43-38.0
80Z.Zhu🇨🇳 CHINA88-0.43-38.0
81D.De Rooij🇳🇱 NETHERLANDS112-0.54-61.0
82S.Lahav🇮🇱 ISRAEL72-0.60-43.0
83A.Zaidenberg Gatt🇮🇱 ISRAEL72-0.60-43.0
84L.Blocher🇺🇸 USA2104-0.75-78.0
85A.Xu🇺🇸 USA2104-0.75-78.0
86F.Keim🇩🇪 GERMANY88-0.95-84.0
87J.Rose🇩🇪 GERMANY88-0.95-84.0
88T.Pothof🇳🇱 NETHERLANDS112-0.97-109.0
89E.Olsen🇳🇴 NORWAY112-1.22-137.0
90R.Cheng🇨🇦 CANADA72-1.28-92.0
91J.Ke🇨🇦 CANADA72-1.28-92.0
92M.Moe🇳🇴 NORWAY120-1.34-161.0
93E.Knie-Andersen🇩🇰 DENMARK79-1.42-112.0
94S.Akayan🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND88-1.43-126.0
95C.Birdsall🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND88-1.43-126.0
96I.Binderkrantz🇩🇰 DENMARK88-1.44-127.0
97E.Kapidaki🇬🇷 GREECE72-1.46-105.0
98I.Kapidakis🇬🇷 GREECE72-1.46-105.0
99S.De Wiljes🇩🇪 GERMANY88-1.53-135.0
100L.Hofmeister🇩🇪 GERMANY88-1.53-135.0
101A.Chaunal🇺🇸 USA280-1.76-141.0
102K.Wei🇺🇸 USA280-1.76-141.0
103K.Visser🇳🇱 NETHERLANDS96-1.84-177.0
104A.Moeller Hejlesen🇩🇰 DENMARK56-2.09-117.0
105L.Dyrekilde🇩🇰 DENMARK63-2.32-146.0

Opening-lead accuracy↑ top

How often a player’s opening lead held declarer to the same tricks as the best defensive lead double-dummy. Players with few boards are greyed. Click a column header to sort; filter by name or team.

#PlayerTeamLeadsOn targetConceded
1A.Zaidenberg Gatt🇮🇱 ISRAEL13100.0%0.00
2L.Crepin🇫🇷 FRANCE2095.0%0.05
3P.Rodhuab🇹🇭 THAILAND1994.7%0.05
4I.Kapidakis🇬🇷 GREECE1794.1%0.06
5S.Lahav🇮🇱 ISRAEL1693.8%0.06
6J.Michalski🇵🇱 POLAND3093.3%0.07
7A.Moeller Hejlesen🇩🇰 DENMARK1392.3%0.08
8B.Legras🇫🇷 FRANCE2491.7%0.08
9F.Keim🇩🇪 GERMANY2391.3%0.09
10W.Gu🇨🇦 CANADA3491.2%0.09
11J.Narang🇮🇳 INDIA3390.9%0.09
12X.Roulle🇫🇷 FRANCE2290.9%0.09
13C.Birdsall🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND2290.9%0.09
14S.De Wiljes🇩🇪 GERMANY2190.5%0.29
15A.Bunaersa🇹🇭 THAILAND3090.0%0.10
16K.Chen🇺🇸 USA11989.5%0.10
17M.De Wiljes🇩🇪 GERMANY1989.5%0.10
18K.Wei🇺🇸 USA21989.5%0.10
19E.Lyoen🇫🇷 FRANCE2688.5%0.12
20T.Lillejord🇳🇴 NORWAY1788.2%0.12
21S.Chen🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI1687.5%0.12
22A.Shih🇺🇸 USA11687.5%0.25
23A.Xu🇺🇸 USA22387.0%0.22
24J.Rose🇩🇪 GERMANY3086.7%0.13
25Y.Liu🇳🇱 NETHERLANDS3086.7%0.17
26C.Zeeberg🇩🇰 DENMARK3786.5%0.14
27H.Hu🇨🇳 CHINA2286.4%0.14
28X.Wu🇨🇳 CHINA2286.4%0.14
29J.Xiao🇺🇸 USA12286.4%0.14
30P.Ngarm-Ek🇹🇭 THAILAND2286.4%0.14
31C.Chu🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI1485.7%0.21
32Z.Zhu🇨🇳 CHINA2785.2%0.15
33N.Oikonomou🇬🇷 GREECE2785.2%0.15
34I.Binderkrantz🇩🇰 DENMARK2785.2%0.15
35T.Pothof🇳🇱 NETHERLANDS2785.2%0.18
36T.Vellios🇬🇷 GREECE2085.0%0.15
37L.Dyrekilde🇩🇰 DENMARK2085.0%0.15
38G.Chan🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA2085.0%0.30
39A.Hemmer🇺🇸 USA11984.2%0.16
40R.Cheng🇨🇦 CANADA1984.2%0.16
41S.Morris🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND1984.2%0.16
42J.Lee🇺🇸 USA21984.2%0.16
43W.Liu🇨🇦 CANADA1984.2%0.21
44A.Mehta🇮🇳 INDIA2584.0%0.16
45E.Wang🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA2584.0%0.16
46O.Deng🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA2584.0%0.24
47Y.Hiba🇮🇱 ISRAEL3083.3%0.17
48A.Zodypache🇮🇳 INDIA1283.3%0.17
49E.Kapidaki🇬🇷 GREECE1883.3%0.17
50G.Chan🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA1883.3%0.22
51D.Katsakioris🇬🇷 GREECE2483.3%0.25
52R.Khutorsky🇮🇱 ISRAEL2982.8%0.17
53L.Hofmeister🇩🇪 GERMANY2382.6%0.17
54A.Chaunal🇺🇸 USA22382.6%0.26
55S.Draege🇳🇴 NORWAY1782.4%0.18
56P.Aramruang🇹🇭 THAILAND2882.1%0.18
57A.Chen🇺🇸 USA12882.1%0.21
58J.Ke🇨🇦 CANADA1181.8%0.18
59B.Bethere🇱🇻 LATVIA3281.2%0.19
60K.Lee🇺🇸 USA21681.2%0.19
61A.Blicharz🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND2181.0%0.19
62S.Akayan🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND2181.0%0.19
63L.Straume🇱🇻 LATVIA4281.0%0.24
64W.Marshall🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND2680.8%0.19
65H.Xing🇨🇦 CANADA3180.6%0.29
66M.Prokopowicz🇵🇱 POLAND2080.0%0.20
67T.Blomsteel🇳🇱 NETHERLANDS2979.3%0.21
68Y.Cai🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA2479.2%0.21
69M.Moe🇳🇴 NORWAY3378.8%0.27
70Z.Yao🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA2378.3%0.22
71J.Hedges🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND2378.3%0.22
72E.Olsen🇳🇴 NORWAY2378.3%0.22
73C.Wang🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI2777.8%0.30
74K.Roeangriwong🇹🇭 THAILAND2777.8%0.30
75Y.Bu🇨🇳 CHINA2277.3%0.23
76Y.Ben Melech🇮🇱 ISRAEL2676.9%0.23
77M.Briedis🇱🇻 LATVIA3976.9%0.23
78M.Blicharz🇵🇱 POLAND2576.0%0.24
79T.Holm Faxoee🇩🇰 DENMARK2576.0%0.24
80H.Ozibko🇵🇱 POLAND2075.0%0.25
81M.Vlachou🇬🇷 GREECE3275.0%0.25
82A.Jia🇨🇦 CANADA2475.0%0.29
83S.Litvak🇱🇻 LATVIA3275.0%0.34
84A.Zodypache🇮🇳 INDIA2075.0%0.35
85Y.Peng🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI3574.3%0.26
86P.Bansal🇮🇳 INDIA2373.9%0.26
87S.Vangdal🇳🇴 NORWAY1973.7%0.37
88Y.Ji🇨🇳 CHINA1573.3%0.47
89Y.Liu🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI2673.1%0.27
90T.Bernieri🇫🇷 FRANCE2673.1%0.35
91Z.Zhao🇨🇳 CHINA2272.7%0.27
92E.Knie-Andersen🇩🇰 DENMARK1872.2%0.28
93C.Lejosne🇫🇷 FRANCE2171.4%0.29
94Z.Meyer🇺🇸 USA11770.6%0.29
95B.Moe🇳🇴 NORWAY2070.0%0.30
96P.Wu🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI2070.0%0.35
97K.Visser🇳🇱 NETHERLANDS3070.0%0.37
98D.De Rooij🇳🇱 NETHERLANDS2669.2%0.39
99O.Gal Or🇮🇱 ISRAEL1866.7%0.33
100V.Gahrotra🇮🇳 INDIA1866.7%0.33
101A.Wlad🇩🇪 GERMANY2766.7%0.37
102C.Thongnam🇹🇭 THAILAND2166.7%0.38
103F.Stezala🇵🇱 POLAND1866.7%0.50
104B.Mroz🇵🇱 POLAND2564.0%0.36
105L.Blocher🇺🇸 USA22055.0%0.45

Declarer-play accuracy↑ top

How often declarer took at least the double-dummy makeable tricks after the actual opening lead — i.e. didn’t leave tricks on the table. Players with few boards are greyed. Click a column header to sort; filter by name or team.

#PlayerTeamContractsOn targetConceded
1L.Crepin🇫🇷 FRANCE2692.3%0.12
2Y.Liu🇳🇱 NETHERLANDS2290.9%0.09
3O.Deng🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA2290.9%0.14
4Y.Bu🇨🇳 CHINA2487.5%0.12
5W.Marshall🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND3187.1%0.13
6G.Chan🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA2387.0%0.13
7Y.Hiba🇮🇱 ISRAEL2584.0%0.16
8M.Prokopowicz🇵🇱 POLAND2584.0%0.16
9Y.Peng🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI2584.0%0.20
10J.Xiao🇺🇸 USA13083.3%0.17
11A.Zodypache🇮🇳 INDIA1883.3%0.17
12Y.Ji🇨🇳 CHINA2382.6%0.22
13J.Narang🇮🇳 INDIA2382.6%0.22
14Y.Ben Melech🇮🇱 ISRAEL2882.1%0.21
15H.Hu🇨🇳 CHINA2882.1%0.25
16B.Bethere🇱🇻 LATVIA3381.8%0.18
17A.Zodypache🇮🇳 INDIA2281.8%0.27
18L.Blocher🇺🇸 USA23680.6%0.31
19S.Litvak🇱🇻 LATVIA3080.0%0.23
20D.De Rooij🇳🇱 NETHERLANDS2479.2%0.21
21A.Jia🇨🇦 CANADA1978.9%0.37
22C.Wang🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI2378.3%0.22
23T.Lillejord🇳🇴 NORWAY2378.3%0.26
24J.Michalski🇵🇱 POLAND2777.8%0.33
25E.Olsen🇳🇴 NORWAY4077.5%0.30
26H.Xing🇨🇦 CANADA1376.9%0.23
27M.Briedis🇱🇻 LATVIA3476.5%0.32
28Y.Cai🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA2576.0%0.32
29H.Ozibko🇵🇱 POLAND2975.9%0.45
30W.Liu🇨🇦 CANADA3375.8%0.27
31Z.Meyer🇺🇸 USA12075.0%0.25
32T.Blomsteel🇳🇱 NETHERLANDS2875.0%0.29
33B.Moe🇳🇴 NORWAY2875.0%0.29
34A.Chen🇺🇸 USA12475.0%0.29
35P.Bansal🇮🇳 INDIA2475.0%0.29
36J.Ke🇨🇦 CANADA2075.0%0.30
37O.Gal Or🇮🇱 ISRAEL1675.0%0.44
38A.Mehta🇮🇳 INDIA3974.4%0.33
39P.Aramruang🇹🇭 THAILAND3174.2%0.29
40D.Katsakioris🇬🇷 GREECE3174.2%0.35
41A.Shih🇺🇸 USA12774.1%0.26
42X.Roulle🇫🇷 FRANCE2373.9%0.26
43E.Lyoen🇫🇷 FRANCE2373.9%0.30
44Y.Liu🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI2373.9%0.35
45Z.Zhu🇨🇳 CHINA1573.3%0.33
46K.Chen🇺🇸 USA12673.1%0.35
47C.Lejosne🇫🇷 FRANCE2272.7%0.36
48C.Chu🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI2272.7%0.36
49M.Blicharz🇵🇱 POLAND2272.7%0.41
50L.Straume🇱🇻 LATVIA2972.4%0.31
51A.Xu🇺🇸 USA22572.0%0.36
52C.Birdsall🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND2572.0%0.40
53R.Khutorsky🇮🇱 ISRAEL2871.4%0.29
54B.Legras🇫🇷 FRANCE2171.4%0.38
55X.Wu🇨🇳 CHINA2871.4%0.39
56E.Wang🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA2470.8%0.42
57S.Chen🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI2070.0%0.35
58S.Akayan🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND2070.0%0.35
59J.Hedges🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND2669.2%0.39
60K.Roeangriwong🇹🇭 THAILAND2669.2%0.46
61Z.Yao🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA1668.8%0.44
62R.Cheng🇨🇦 CANADA2268.2%0.55
63K.Wei🇺🇸 USA22568.0%0.44
64A.Blicharz🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND1866.7%0.33
65S.De Wiljes🇩🇪 GERMANY2166.7%0.33
66S.Vangdal🇳🇴 NORWAY1866.7%0.39
67P.Ngarm-Ek🇹🇭 THAILAND1566.7%0.40
68B.Mroz🇵🇱 POLAND1866.7%0.56
69A.Wlad🇩🇪 GERMANY2965.5%0.38
70T.Vellios🇬🇷 GREECE2965.5%0.55
71W.Gu🇨🇦 CANADA2665.4%0.46
72I.Kapidakis🇬🇷 GREECE2365.2%0.52
73A.Bunaersa🇹🇭 THAILAND2065.0%0.45
74P.Wu🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI1764.7%0.53
75J.Lee🇺🇸 USA23164.5%0.39
76A.Zaidenberg Gatt🇮🇱 ISRAEL2864.3%0.46
77L.Dyrekilde🇩🇰 DENMARK1464.3%0.86
78N.Oikonomou🇬🇷 GREECE1963.2%0.47
79T.Holm Faxoee🇩🇰 DENMARK3562.9%0.49
80C.Zeeberg🇩🇰 DENMARK2962.1%0.55
81C.Thongnam🇹🇭 THAILAND1361.5%0.46
82S.Draege🇳🇴 NORWAY1361.5%0.54
83G.Chan🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA2661.5%0.58
84F.Keim🇩🇪 GERMANY1861.1%0.50
85M.De Wiljes🇩🇪 GERMANY2060.0%0.55
86S.Lahav🇮🇱 ISRAEL1560.0%0.67
87M.Moe🇳🇴 NORWAY2060.0%0.75
88K.Lee🇺🇸 USA22259.1%0.41
89T.Pothof🇳🇱 NETHERLANDS2857.1%0.71
90E.Knie-Andersen🇩🇰 DENMARK1457.1%1.07
91I.Binderkrantz🇩🇰 DENMARK2755.6%0.56
92K.Visser🇳🇱 NETHERLANDS2755.6%0.67
93Z.Zhao🇨🇳 CHINA2454.2%0.62
94F.Stezala🇵🇱 POLAND1353.8%0.46
95A.Chaunal🇺🇸 USA21353.8%0.54
96T.Bernieri🇫🇷 FRANCE1752.9%0.77
97S.Morris🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND2050.0%0.60
98A.Hemmer🇺🇸 USA12347.8%0.65
99P.Rodhuab🇹🇭 THAILAND1947.4%0.79
100J.Rose🇩🇪 GERMANY1546.7%0.67
101M.Vlachou🇬🇷 GREECE1844.4%0.67
102L.Hofmeister🇩🇪 GERMANY2142.9%0.76
103E.Kapidaki🇬🇷 GREECE1442.9%0.79
104V.Gahrotra🇮🇳 INDIA1540.0%0.73
105A.Moeller Hejlesen🇩🇰 DENMARK1030.0%0.90

Defensive accuracy↑ top

How often the defenders held declarer to the double-dummy makeable (or fewer) — charged to both defenders on the board. Players with few boards are greyed. Click a column header to sort; filter by name or team.

#PlayerTeamBoardsOn targetConceded
1J.Michalski🇵🇱 POLAND4895.8%0.04
2F.Stezala🇵🇱 POLAND4895.8%0.04
3M.Blicharz🇵🇱 POLAND4593.3%0.11
4H.Ozibko🇵🇱 POLAND4593.3%0.11
5Z.Zhao🇨🇳 CHINA4991.8%0.08
6Z.Zhu🇨🇳 CHINA4991.8%0.08
7A.Hemmer🇺🇸 USA13691.7%0.08
8Z.Meyer🇺🇸 USA13691.7%0.08
9A.Chen🇺🇸 USA15090.0%0.14
10J.Xiao🇺🇸 USA15090.0%0.14
11M.Moe🇳🇴 NORWAY5889.7%0.10
12B.Legras🇫🇷 FRANCE4588.9%0.16
13C.Lejosne🇫🇷 FRANCE4588.9%0.16
14E.Olsen🇳🇴 NORWAY5388.7%0.11
15A.Mehta🇮🇳 INDIA5887.9%0.17
16J.Narang🇮🇳 INDIA5887.9%0.17
17P.Bansal🇮🇳 INDIA4187.8%0.17
18V.Gahrotra🇮🇳 INDIA4187.8%0.17
19A.Zodypache🇮🇳 INDIA3287.5%0.16
20A.Zodypache🇮🇳 INDIA3287.5%0.16
21M.Briedis🇱🇻 LATVIA7187.3%0.17
22S.Litvak🇱🇻 LATVIA7187.3%0.17
23A.Bunaersa🇹🇭 THAILAND4687.0%0.15
24Y.Liu🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI4687.0%0.17
25P.Wu🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI4687.0%0.17
26G.Chan🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA3886.8%0.13
27G.Chan🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA3886.8%0.13
28P.Ngarm-Ek🇹🇭 THAILAND5986.4%0.17
29D.Katsakioris🇬🇷 GREECE4486.4%0.18
30T.Vellios🇬🇷 GREECE4486.4%0.18
31T.Blomsteel🇳🇱 NETHERLANDS6185.2%0.15
32M.De Wiljes🇩🇪 GERMANY4684.8%0.17
33A.Wlad🇩🇪 GERMANY4684.8%0.17
34Y.Hiba🇮🇱 ISRAEL5984.7%0.19
35R.Khutorsky🇮🇱 ISRAEL5984.7%0.19
36B.Mroz🇵🇱 POLAND4584.4%0.20
37M.Prokopowicz🇵🇱 POLAND4584.4%0.20
38Y.Bu🇨🇳 CHINA4484.1%0.20
39H.Hu🇨🇳 CHINA4484.1%0.20
40J.Hedges🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND4283.3%0.19
41S.Morris🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND4283.3%0.19
42S.Chen🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI3083.3%0.20
43C.Chu🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI3083.3%0.20
44E.Wang🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA4883.3%0.23
45Z.Yao🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA4883.3%0.23
46R.Cheng🇨🇦 CANADA3083.3%0.27
47J.Ke🇨🇦 CANADA3083.3%0.27
48A.Blicharz🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND4783.0%0.19
49W.Marshall🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND4783.0%0.19
50L.Crepin🇫🇷 FRANCE4682.6%0.20
51E.Lyoen🇫🇷 FRANCE4682.6%0.20
52B.Bethere🇱🇻 LATVIA7482.4%0.23
53L.Straume🇱🇻 LATVIA7482.4%0.23
54Y.Ben Melech🇮🇱 ISRAEL4481.8%0.23
55O.Gal Or🇮🇱 ISRAEL4481.8%0.23
56L.Blocher🇺🇸 USA24381.4%0.19
57A.Xu🇺🇸 USA24381.4%0.19
58Y.Ji🇨🇳 CHINA3781.1%0.22
59X.Wu🇨🇳 CHINA3781.1%0.22
60W.Gu🇨🇦 CANADA5381.1%0.26
61W.Liu🇨🇦 CANADA5381.1%0.26
62D.De Rooij🇳🇱 NETHERLANDS5680.4%0.23
63A.Moeller Hejlesen🇩🇰 DENMARK3080.0%0.30
64Y.Peng🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI6279.0%0.26
65C.Wang🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI6279.0%0.26
66C.Thongnam🇹🇭 THAILAND4278.6%0.24
67E.Knie-Andersen🇩🇰 DENMARK4577.8%0.27
68Y.Liu🇳🇱 NETHERLANDS6277.4%0.23
69S.De Wiljes🇩🇪 GERMANY4477.3%0.32
70L.Hofmeister🇩🇪 GERMANY4477.3%0.32
71J.Lee🇺🇸 USA23577.1%0.23
72K.Lee🇺🇸 USA23577.1%0.23
73S.Draege🇳🇴 NORWAY3976.9%0.33
74P.Aramruang🇹🇭 THAILAND5576.4%0.26
75K.Roeangriwong🇹🇭 THAILAND5576.4%0.26
76N.Oikonomou🇬🇷 GREECE5976.3%0.34
77M.Vlachou🇬🇷 GREECE5976.3%0.34
78S.Lahav🇮🇱 ISRAEL2975.9%0.31
79A.Zaidenberg Gatt🇮🇱 ISRAEL2975.9%0.31
80L.Dyrekilde🇩🇰 DENMARK3375.8%0.30
81T.Holm Faxoee🇩🇰 DENMARK6275.8%0.32
82C.Zeeberg🇩🇰 DENMARK6275.8%0.32
83T.Lillejord🇳🇴 NORWAY3775.7%0.27
84B.Moe🇳🇴 NORWAY3775.7%0.27
85Y.Cai🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA4975.5%0.31
86O.Deng🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA4975.5%0.31
87T.Bernieri🇫🇷 FRANCE4875.0%0.27
88X.Roulle🇫🇷 FRANCE4875.0%0.27
89I.Binderkrantz🇩🇰 DENMARK4875.0%0.35
90K.Chen🇺🇸 USA13574.3%0.29
91A.Shih🇺🇸 USA13574.3%0.29
92E.Kapidaki🇬🇷 GREECE3574.3%0.31
93I.Kapidakis🇬🇷 GREECE3574.3%0.31
94S.Vangdal🇳🇴 NORWAY3473.5%0.38
95A.Jia🇨🇦 CANADA5572.7%0.34
96H.Xing🇨🇦 CANADA5572.7%0.34
97S.Akayan🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND4372.1%0.40
98C.Birdsall🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND4372.1%0.40
99K.Visser🇳🇱 NETHERLANDS4671.7%0.30
100T.Pothof🇳🇱 NETHERLANDS5971.2%0.34
101P.Rodhuab🇹🇭 THAILAND3770.3%0.35
102A.Chaunal🇺🇸 USA24269.0%0.45
103K.Wei🇺🇸 USA24269.0%0.45
104F.Keim🇩🇪 GERMANY5367.9%0.38
105J.Rose🇩🇪 GERMANY5367.9%0.38

Bidding activity↑ top

Share of a player’s bids that were not a pass — contract bids, doubles and redoubles, over every auction they sat in. High = active, low = quiet. Players with few boards are greyed. Click a column header to sort; filter by name or team.

#PlayerTeamBidsNot passActive %
1A.Shih🇺🇸 USA122412555.8%
2R.Cheng🇨🇦 CANADA21111152.6%
3D.Katsakioris🇬🇷 GREECE26814052.2%
4J.Lee🇺🇸 USA223412151.7%
5K.Visser🇳🇱 NETHERLANDS27113750.6%
6T.Lillejord🇳🇴 NORWAY22811450.0%
7I.Kapidakis🇬🇷 GREECE1788950.0%
8L.Blocher🇺🇸 USA229014449.7%
9H.Hu🇨🇳 CHINA25112449.4%
10P.Bansal🇮🇳 INDIA21910748.9%
11A.Zaidenberg Gatt🇮🇱 ISRAEL1879148.7%
12J.Michalski🇵🇱 POLAND23811347.5%
13A.Chaunal🇺🇸 USA221710347.5%
14J.Xiao🇺🇸 USA127713147.3%
15B.Moe🇳🇴 NORWAY23110947.2%
16X.Roulle🇫🇷 FRANCE23010847.0%
17Y.Liu🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI26012246.9%
18Y.Bu🇨🇳 CHINA25411946.9%
19K.Chen🇺🇸 USA122810746.9%
20M.Prokopowicz🇵🇱 POLAND24811646.8%
21C.Zeeberg🇩🇰 DENMARK32915346.5%
22X.Wu🇨🇳 CHINA22910646.3%
23S.Morris🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND22910646.3%
24S.Akayan🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND22710546.3%
25A.Zodypache🇮🇳 INDIA1999246.2%
26W.Gu🇨🇦 CANADA29313546.1%
27S.Lahav🇮🇱 ISRAEL1918846.1%
28K.Roeangriwong🇹🇭 THAILAND29013345.9%
29M.Blicharz🇵🇱 POLAND26812345.9%
30L.Hofmeister🇩🇪 GERMANY23310745.9%
31M.Briedis🇱🇻 LATVIA37817345.8%
32J.Hedges🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND22710445.8%
33V.Gahrotra🇮🇳 INDIA22110145.7%
34S.Chen🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI1989045.5%
35H.Ozibko🇵🇱 POLAND26111845.2%
36J.Ke🇨🇦 CANADA2099445.0%
37J.Narang🇮🇳 INDIA31614244.9%
38A.Chen🇺🇸 USA127612444.9%
39P.Wu🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI25611544.9%
40T.Blomsteel🇳🇱 NETHERLANDS30613744.8%
41A.Xu🇺🇸 USA229713344.8%
42Z.Meyer🇺🇸 USA12129544.8%
43W.Liu🇨🇦 CANADA29813344.6%
44P.Rodhuab🇹🇭 THAILAND2008944.5%
45A.Wlad🇩🇪 GERMANY26111644.4%
46L.Crepin🇫🇷 FRANCE25711444.4%
47S.De Wiljes🇩🇪 GERMANY23710544.3%
48E.Lyoen🇫🇷 FRANCE26611744.0%
49O.Gal Or🇮🇱 ISRAEL2259944.0%
50A.Zodypache🇮🇳 INDIA1968643.9%
51M.De Wiljes🇩🇪 GERMANY26011443.8%
52T.Bernieri🇫🇷 FRANCE23310243.8%
53G.Chan🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA23610343.6%
54Y.Ji🇨🇳 CHINA23010043.5%
55G.Chan🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA23710243.0%
56Z.Zhao🇨🇳 CHINA23710243.0%
57M.Moe🇳🇴 NORWAY32013742.8%
58T.Vellios🇬🇷 GREECE27611842.8%
59Z.Zhu🇨🇳 CHINA23610142.8%
60C.Wang🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI31613542.7%
61Y.Cai🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA25911042.5%
62O.Deng🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA26211142.4%
63B.Mroz🇵🇱 POLAND25410742.1%
64K.Lee🇺🇸 USA22379941.8%
65Y.Liu🇳🇱 NETHERLANDS29912441.5%
66F.Stezala🇵🇱 POLAND2399941.4%
67Y.Peng🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI31012841.3%
68E.Kapidaki🇬🇷 GREECE1827541.2%
69Y.Hiba🇮🇱 ISRAEL29912341.1%
70I.Binderkrantz🇩🇰 DENMARK2199041.1%
71A.Hemmer🇺🇸 USA12098641.1%
72S.Litvak🇱🇻 LATVIA37615441.0%
73B.Legras🇫🇷 FRANCE2399740.6%
74R.Khutorsky🇮🇱 ISRAEL29211840.4%
75A.Blicharz🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND26710840.4%
76C.Chu🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI2028140.1%
77D.De Rooij🇳🇱 NETHERLANDS29511840.0%
78P.Aramruang🇹🇭 THAILAND30512139.7%
79T.Pothof🇳🇱 NETHERLANDS29811839.6%
80K.Wei🇺🇸 USA22168539.4%
81A.Mehta🇮🇳 INDIA32312739.3%
82W.Marshall🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND27510738.9%
83E.Olsen🇳🇴 NORWAY31212138.8%
84A.Bunaersa🇹🇭 THAILAND2158338.6%
85E.Wang🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA2268738.5%
86B.Bethere🇱🇻 LATVIA36413938.2%
87Z.Yao🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA2278637.9%
88E.Knie-Andersen🇩🇰 DENMARK1997537.7%
89L.Straume🇱🇻 LATVIA36813837.5%
90L.Dyrekilde🇩🇰 DENMARK1605936.9%
91C.Birdsall🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND2268336.7%
92A.Moeller Hejlesen🇩🇰 DENMARK1395136.7%
93C.Lejosne🇫🇷 FRANCE2458936.3%
94S.Vangdal🇳🇴 NORWAY1686136.3%
95H.Xing🇨🇦 CANADA2207935.9%
96A.Jia🇨🇦 CANADA2187735.3%
97T.Holm Faxoee🇩🇰 DENMARK34111834.6%
98N.Oikonomou🇬🇷 GREECE2528734.5%
99M.Vlachou🇬🇷 GREECE2518634.3%
100J.Rose🇩🇪 GERMANY2307934.3%
101F.Keim🇩🇪 GERMANY2378134.2%
102C.Thongnam🇹🇭 THAILAND1996834.2%
103Y.Ben Melech🇮🇱 ISRAEL2377933.3%
104P.Ngarm-Ek🇹🇭 THAILAND2608532.7%
105S.Draege🇳🇴 NORWAY1935930.6%

Strength of schedule — opponent-adjusted Butler↑ top

On every board a player meets a specific opposing pair, and strong opponents defend and bid well — which quietly depresses your cross-IMP. Opp /bd is the mean cumulative Butler of the pairs faced, i.e. the strength of the draw (+ tough, − easy). Adj /bd adds it back — a tough draw is credited, an easy one discounted — and Δ is the resulting move against the raw Butler order. Regulars only (≥ 40% of the boards). Click a column header to sort; filter by name or team.

#PlayerTeamBoardsOpp /bdRaw /bdAdj /bdΔ
1Y.Bu🇨🇳 CHINA96-0.06+1.94+1.88·
2H.Hu🇨🇳 CHINA96-0.06+1.94+1.88·
3A.Chen🇺🇸 USA1104+0.19+1.22+1.41▲2
4J.Xiao🇺🇸 USA1104+0.19+1.22+1.41▲2
5Y.Ji🇨🇳 CHINA88-0.01+1.32+1.32▼2
6X.Wu🇨🇳 CHINA88-0.01+1.32+1.32▼2
7M.Blicharz🇵🇱 POLAND96+0.11+1.11+1.22·
8H.Ozibko🇵🇱 POLAND96+0.11+1.11+1.22·
9J.Michalski🇵🇱 POLAND88+0.08+0.98+1.06·
10F.Stezala🇵🇱 POLAND88+0.08+0.98+1.06·
11B.Legras🇫🇷 FRANCE88+0.13+0.89+1.02▲2
12C.Lejosne🇫🇷 FRANCE88+0.13+0.89+1.02▲2
13Y.Hiba🇮🇱 ISRAEL112+0.19+0.71+0.90▲8
14R.Khutorsky🇮🇱 ISRAEL112+0.19+0.71+0.90▲8
15A.Mehta🇮🇳 INDIA120-0.09+0.96+0.87▼4
16J.Narang🇮🇳 INDIA120-0.09+0.96+0.87▼4
17Y.Cai🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA96-0.03+0.74+0.71▲2
18O.Deng🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA96-0.03+0.74+0.71▲2
19L.Crepin🇫🇷 FRANCE96-0.17+0.87+0.70▼4
20E.Lyoen🇫🇷 FRANCE96-0.17+0.87+0.70▼4
21C.Thongnam🇹🇭 THAILAND72+0.32+0.33+0.65▲15
22S.Chen🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI72+0.05+0.53+0.59▲5
23C.Chu🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI72+0.05+0.53+0.59▲5
24Y.Liu🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI88-0.04+0.62+0.58▼1
25P.Wu🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI88-0.04+0.62+0.58▼1
26Y.Ben Melech🇮🇱 ISRAEL88-0.28+0.79+0.52▼9
27O.Gal Or🇮🇱 ISRAEL88-0.28+0.79+0.52▼9
28P.Rodhuab🇹🇭 THAILAND72+0.09+0.39+0.47▲5
29Y.Liu🇳🇱 NETHERLANDS112+0.39-0.01+0.38▲20
30W.Gu🇨🇦 CANADA112-0.01+0.37+0.36▲4
31W.Liu🇨🇦 CANADA112-0.01+0.37+0.36▲4
32M.Briedis🇱🇻 LATVIA136+0.02+0.31+0.33▲5
33S.Litvak🇱🇻 LATVIA136+0.02+0.31+0.33▲5
34Y.Peng🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI112-0.28+0.58+0.30▼9
35C.Wang🇹🇼 CHINESE TAIPEI112-0.28+0.58+0.30▼9
36T.Blomsteel🇳🇱 NETHERLANDS112+0.19+0.11+0.29▲10
37A.Hemmer🇺🇸 USA180-0.12+0.41+0.29▼6
38Z.Meyer🇺🇸 USA180-0.12+0.41+0.29▼6
39B.Bethere🇱🇻 LATVIA136+0.02+0.26+0.28▲3
40L.Straume🇱🇻 LATVIA136+0.02+0.26+0.28▲3
41B.Mroz🇵🇱 POLAND88-0.25+0.48+0.23▼12
42M.Prokopowicz🇵🇱 POLAND88-0.25+0.48+0.23▼12
43A.Bunaersa🇹🇭 THAILAND80-0.07+0.28+0.21▼2
44T.Bernieri🇫🇷 FRANCE88-0.05+0.18+0.13·
45X.Roulle🇫🇷 FRANCE88-0.05+0.18+0.13·
46A.Blicharz🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND96+0.30-0.20+0.10▲9
47W.Marshall🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND96+0.30-0.20+0.10▲9
48A.Zodypache🇮🇳 INDIA72-0.24+0.28+0.05▼9
49A.Zodypache🇮🇳 INDIA72-0.24+0.28+0.05▼9
50P.Ngarm-Ek🇹🇭 THAILAND96+0.07-0.04+0.03·
51E.Wang🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA88+0.23-0.23-0.00▲8
52Z.Yao🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA88+0.23-0.23-0.00▲8
53M.De Wiljes🇩🇪 GERMANY96+0.28-0.30-0.02▲14
54A.Wlad🇩🇪 GERMANY96+0.28-0.30-0.02▲14
55R.Cheng🇨🇦 CANADA72+0.04-0.13-0.10▼4
56J.Ke🇨🇦 CANADA72+0.04-0.13-0.10▼4
57T.Lillejord🇳🇴 NORWAY88+0.05-0.15-0.10▼4
58B.Moe🇳🇴 NORWAY88+0.05-0.15-0.10▼4
59D.Katsakioris🇬🇷 GREECE104+0.12-0.25-0.13▲4
60T.Vellios🇬🇷 GREECE104+0.12-0.25-0.13▲4
61P.Aramruang🇹🇭 THAILAND112+0.01-0.22-0.21▼4
62K.Roeangriwong🇹🇭 THAILAND112+0.01-0.22-0.21▼4
63K.Chen🇺🇸 USA188-0.00-0.23-0.23▼2
64A.Shih🇺🇸 USA188-0.00-0.23-0.23▼2
65G.Chan🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA88-0.36+0.09-0.27▼18
66G.Chan🇭🇰 HONG KONG CHINA88-0.36+0.09-0.27▼18
67J.Hedges🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND88-0.08-0.28-0.36▼2
68S.Morris🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND88-0.08-0.28-0.36▼2
69P.Bansal🇮🇳 INDIA80-0.13-0.31-0.44·
70V.Gahrotra🇮🇳 INDIA80-0.13-0.31-0.44·
71J.Lee🇺🇸 USA288+0.20-0.65-0.44▲15
72K.Lee🇺🇸 USA288+0.20-0.65-0.44▲15
73T.Holm Faxoee🇩🇰 DENMARK128-0.11-0.37-0.48·
74C.Zeeberg🇩🇰 DENMARK128-0.11-0.37-0.48·
75N.Oikonomou🇬🇷 GREECE96+0.07-0.56-0.49▲4
76M.Vlachou🇬🇷 GREECE96+0.07-0.56-0.49▲4
77Z.Zhao🇨🇳 CHINA88-0.15-0.37-0.51▼6
78Z.Zhu🇨🇳 CHINA88-0.15-0.37-0.51▼6
79L.Blocher🇺🇸 USA2104-0.09-0.45-0.53▼4
80A.Xu🇺🇸 USA2104-0.09-0.45-0.53▼4
81E.Kapidaki🇬🇷 GREECE72-0.04-0.53-0.57▼4
82I.Kapidakis🇬🇷 GREECE72-0.04-0.53-0.57▼4
83S.Akayan🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND88-0.06-0.62-0.68▲1
84C.Birdsall🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 ENGLAND88-0.06-0.62-0.68▲1
85S.Vangdal🇳🇴 NORWAY64+0.08-0.80-0.73▲5
86S.Lahav🇮🇱 ISRAEL72+0.04-0.81-0.77▲5
87A.Zaidenberg Gatt🇮🇱 ISRAEL72+0.04-0.81-0.77▲5
88A.Jia🇨🇦 CANADA88-0.22-0.56-0.78▼7
89H.Xing🇨🇦 CANADA88-0.22-0.56-0.78▼7
90D.De Rooij🇳🇱 NETHERLANDS112-0.21-0.60-0.81▼7
91E.Olsen🇳🇴 NORWAY112+0.09-0.94-0.85▲4
92K.Visser🇳🇱 NETHERLANDS96-0.02-0.85-0.87▲2
93S.Draege🇳🇴 NORWAY72+0.20-1.09-0.89▲3
94T.Pothof🇳🇱 NETHERLANDS112-0.05-0.84-0.89▼1
95F.Keim🇩🇪 GERMANY88-0.11-0.79-0.90▼7
96J.Rose🇩🇪 GERMANY88-0.11-0.79-0.90▼7
97M.Moe🇳🇴 NORWAY120+0.16-1.10-0.94·
98S.De Wiljes🇩🇪 GERMANY88+0.05-1.60-1.56▲2
99L.Hofmeister🇩🇪 GERMANY88+0.05-1.60-1.56▲2
100E.Knie-Andersen🇩🇰 DENMARK80+0.27-1.89-1.61▲4
101L.Dyrekilde🇩🇰 DENMARK64+0.56-2.21-1.65▲4
102A.Moeller Hejlesen🇩🇰 DENMARK56+0.03-1.69-1.66·
103A.Chaunal🇺🇸 USA280-0.26-1.49-1.75▼5
104K.Wei🇺🇸 USA280-0.26-1.49-1.75▼5
105I.Binderkrantz🇩🇰 DENMARK88-0.03-1.78-1.81▼2